Imagine you went to a restaurant with a date; had a burger, paid with a credit card, and left. The next time you go there, the waiter or waitress, armed with your profile data, greets you with, "Hey Joe, how are you? Mary is over there in the seat you sat in last time. Would you like to join her for dinner again?" Then you find out that your burger has been cooked and your drink is on the table. Forget the fact that you are with another date and are on a diet that doesn't include burgers. Sound a little bizarre? To some, this is restaurant equivalent of the Internet.The Net's ability to profile you through your visits to and interactions at websites provides marketers with an enormous amount of data on you—some of which you may notwant them to have.
Are you aware that almost every time you access a website you get a “cookie”? Unfortunately, it’s not the Mrs. Reid’s type. A cookie on the Internet is a computer code sent by the site to your computer—usually without your knowledge. During the entire period of time that you are at the site, the cookie is collecting information about your interaction, including where you visit, how long you stay there, how frequently you return to certain pages, and even your electronic address. Fill out a survey to collect free information or samples, and marketers know even more about you—like your name, address, and any other information you provide. While this may sound scary enough, cookies aren’t even the latest in technology. A new system called I-librarian Alexa—named for the legendary third century B.C. library in Alexandria, Egypt—does even more. While cookies track what you are doing at one site, Alexa collects data on all your Web activity, such as which sites you visit next, how long you stay there, whether you click on ads，etc. All thisinformation is available to marketers, who use it to market more effectively to you. Not only do you not get paid for providing the information, you probably don’t even know that you are giving it.
練習(xí)題：
Choose correct answers to the question:
1.In the restaurant story, the author may most probably think the waiter or waitress was ________ 。
A. considerate
B. polite
C. irritating
D. unsmart
2.The author makes up the restaurant story in order to _______ 。
A.show the good service offered in some Web restaurants
B.criticize some restaurants for too considerate service
C.show the Internet’s ability to collect data on you
D.prove the incredible power of the Internet
3.What can be learned about “cookie” from the second paragraph?
A.It was first created by Mrs. Reid.
B.It collects information on you without your knowing it
C.It’s some information sent to your computer about yourself.
D.It’s the latest in technology.
4.What can be learned about "Alexa" from the second paragraph?
A.Alexa is named after an ancient hero in Egypt
B.Alexa is installed in libraries.
C.Alexa can collect all the necessary data on you.
D.Alexa can provide more data for marketers than a cookie.
5.Which of the following words can best reflect the author's attitude to cookies and Alexa?
A. Critical
B. Suspicious.
C. Objective.
D. Optimistic.
1.[C] 推理判斷題。第1段中，喬另約了一名新女友去餐館，餐館服務(wù)員卻招呼他坐在上次約會(huì)的女友身邊，并且為他準(zhǔn)備了與上次同樣的食品，包括他節(jié)食忌用的漢堡，這樣的服務(wù)肯定會(huì)使喬做出負(fù)面的評(píng)價(jià).因此選項(xiàng)A和選項(xiàng)B部不對(duì)。此外，這個(gè)故亊是為了指出濫用別人的個(gè)人資料會(huì)惹人討厭，因此可推斷喬對(duì)餐廳服務(wù)員的做法會(huì)感到生氣。選項(xiàng)D雖然也是反面的評(píng)價(jià)，但是這個(gè)選項(xiàng)可能表明喬不介意自己的資料被盜用，只是覺(jué)得餐廳服務(wù)員使用的時(shí)候不夠靈活。這與文章的主題不符。
2.[C] 推理判斷題。本題考查例子與主題之間的關(guān)系。答題的依據(jù)是第1段最后兩句，文章指出餐館跟因特網(wǎng)一樣，它們都收集用戶的信息。選項(xiàng)A和B都只滲及表面，選項(xiàng)D則不如選項(xiàng)C確切、具體。
3.[B] 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。選擇依據(jù)是第2段第3句及第4句。選項(xiàng)B是對(duì)這兩句話的歸納。選項(xiàng)A談的是可食用的甜餅，而不是本文敘述的用于收集用戶信息的一種軟件。選項(xiàng)C是對(duì)第2段第3、4句的歪曲理解。文章明確提出了cookie不是最 新的發(fā)明，選項(xiàng)D不正確。
4.[D] 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。本句考查復(fù)雜句的理解，并涉及兩個(gè)事物的對(duì)比。第2段介紹Alexa時(shí)，指明它does even more，接著用while連接一個(gè)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，其主句是關(guān)于Alexa的信息，據(jù)此可以判斷選項(xiàng)D正確。選項(xiàng) A和B與原文不符，容易排除。選項(xiàng)C指出Alexa能收集到所有必要的資料，這是對(duì)其作用的夸大，實(shí)際上，根據(jù)倒數(shù)第3句，它收集的只是所有網(wǎng)上活動(dòng)的資料。
5.[A] 觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。判斷依據(jù)是文中作者所使用的一些詞句，如：usually without your knowledge, sound scary及最后一句。這些顯示了作者對(duì)cookie和Alexa持反對(duì)、批評(píng)的態(tài)度。
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